MBBS is an acronym for Bachelor of Medicine, and Bachelor of Surgery. It is an Undergraduate medical degree course that students can pursue after completing 12th grade with PCB subjects.
MBBS is one of the most coveted UG medical courses for science students in India. There are approximately 109170 medical seats in India offered by 706 medical institutions across the country.
The Indian healthcare sector is worth around $372 billion and is growing at a steady annual rate of 22%. There is huge potential for good career growth and job opportunities for medical professionals.
The MBBS is a professional medical course which trains students with the knowledge and skills required to become a qualified doctor in India.
The MBBS degree combines two bachelor’s degrees in one—Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. This tradition originated in the United Kingdom and is followed by many universities in various countries.
The admission in the MBBS, BDS, BUMS and BAMS courses is done on the basis of NEET UG entrance exam. All top Medical and private medical colleges accept NEET UG score for admission to their MBBS, BDS & Ayush courses.
Not sure what to do after 12th?
Check – Career Options & Courses After 12th in 2025
A Medical Degree is one highly rewarding and offers lucrative career options for healthcare professional in India and Abroad.
In this article we will explore career in MBBS, entrance exams for admission and job opportunities in India & abroad.
MBBS Course After 12th
Students aspiring to become a doctor, can pursue MBBS courses after 12th. This is one of the noble and highly respected profession in India.
MBBS is a professional degree and offers a lot of career opportunities in different fields such as clinical practice, medical research, healthcare management, public health and medical education.
Below is the key highlights of MBBS courses after 12th:
| MBBS Course | Details |
| MBBS Full Form | Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery |
| MBBS Course Level | Undergraduate (UG) |
| Course Duration | 5.5 years |
| MBBS Eligibility | Passed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry & Biology |
| MBBS Entrance Exams | NEET UG |
| MBBS Admission Process | MCC & State Counselling Process |
| MBBS Course fee | INR 4 – 90 lakh |
| MBBS Top Colleges | AIIMS Delhi, CMC, JIPMER, BHU |
| MBBS Average Salary | INR 9-30 LPA (Approx) |
| MBBS Career Scope | Public & Private sector hospital, Nursing Homes, Pharma Companies |
| MBBS Job Profiles | Medical Officer, Physician, Teaching & Research |
| MBBS Top Recruiters | AIIMS, State Government Hospitals, Apollo, Fortis |
Also Read – Best Medical Courses After 12th in 2025
MBBS Eligibility Criteria
For admission to MBBS course, candidates must meet the eligibility criteria set by the National Medical Commission (NMC).
- Students must have passed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry & Biology subjects.
- The minimum age limit is 17 years at the time of admission.
- Students must have qualified the NEET UG medical entrance exam for admission to the MBBS course.
- There is no upper age limit set by the authority to appear in the NEET exam for MBBS admission.
- Applicant must also meet the individual eligibility criteria set by a particular university for admission to their MBBS programme.
Through this course, the students are taught all about the human anatomy, human cytology, medicine, chemistry, pharmaceutical, chemistry, drugs formulation & effect and method of surgery.
The National Medical Commission (NMC) is the regulating body of medical education and practice in India. NMC is responsible for accrediting medical institutions, setting education standards, and overseeing medical professionals.
MBBS Course Details
The MBBS is a 5.5 year (4.5 years academic education + 1 year mandatory internship) UG degree programme leading to the two degrees as Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery.
Students who have cleared the 10+2 examination with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology subjects are eligible to pursue an MBBS degree course.
The MBBS is the only course to become a medical doctor in India. The MBBS curriculum includes basic sciences such as physiology, biochemistry, microbiology, anatomy, pharmacology, and pathology.
The clinical subjects include General Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, Psychiatry etc.
MBBS is one of the most sought courses after 12th science in medical field. There are so many colleges and universities across the countries which are offering the MBBS course.
The admission to the MBBS programme is done on the basis of NEET UG entrance exam which is accepted by all universities & medical colleges in India.
Some of the key skills required to make a career in MBBS:
- Strong Analytical and Problem-Solving Abilities
- In-depth Knowledge of Biology and Chemistry
- Excellent Communication and Interpersonal Skills
- Attention to Detail
- Emotional Resilience and Empathy
- Critical Thinking
- Ability to Work Under Pressure
- Mental alertness at all times
- Teamwork and Collaboration
- Ability to work with a team
- Deep interest in helping people
MBBS Entrance Exam
The admission in MBBS programs is done on the basis of NEET UG entrance exam. NEET UG is conducted by NTA for admission to MBBS, BDS, Nursing & Ayush courses.
The application form for NEET UG are released by NTA in February, every year. Candidates can complete their registration till last week of March or 1st week of April.
Below is an overview of NEET UG 2025 exam:
| Exam Name | National Eligibility cum Entrance test |
| Conducting Authority | NTA |
| Courses | MBBS, BDS, Nursing, Ayush |
| Official Website | neet.nta.nic.in |
| Exam Level | National Level Exam |
| Exam Mode | Offline (Pen & Paper Based Mode) |
| Application Release | February 2025 |
| Age Limit | Minimum 17 Years |
| Number of Candidates Appeared (2024) | 2400,000 (Approx.) |
| Exam Date | May 2025 (Tentative) |
| Exam Frequency | Once in a year |
Also Check: Top Medical Entrance Exams
MBBS Admission Process
How to get admission into MBBS programme?
To get admission into MBBS programme in India, students have to complete their 10+2 education with Physics, Chemistry & Biology and score minimum 50% marks (40% in the case of reserved category).
Candidates have to qualify NEET 2025 to get admission in the MBBS, BDS & Ayush courses offered by government and private medical institutions of India.
For admission in premier medical institutions AIIMS, JIPMER, BHU students need to score top rank in the NEET UG exam.
The admission in All India Quota (15%), Deemed, Central Universities, AIIMS Institutes and JIPMER is conducted by medical counselling committee (MCC).
The state level counselling for admission to 85% of the state quota seats is done by the state counselling authority.
The counselling process generally starts after one month of NEET exam result, candidates can apply in the NEET counselling through online mode.
Top Universities for MBBS in India
Every medical aspirant dream of pursuing his education from the top medical institutions of the country. The ranking of top medical colleges and universities is often based on the factors such as academic reputation, faculty quality, research output, infrastructure, and student outcomes.
As per NIRF Rankings 2025, the top colleges for pursuing MBBS are:
- AIIMS New Delhi
- CMC Vellore,
- JIPMER Pondicherry,
- Banaras Hindu University
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
The list of top 10 medical colleges in India are given in the table below:
| College | Rank | State |
| All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi | 1 | Delhi |
| Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research | 2 | Chandigarh |
| Christian Medical College | 3 | Tamil Nadu |
| National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences, Bangalore | 4 | Karnataka |
| Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research | 5 | Pondicherry |
| Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences | 6 | Uttar Pradesh |
| Banaras Hindu University | 7 | Uttar Pradesh |
| Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham | 8 | Tamil Nadu |
| Kasturba Medical College, Manipal | 9 | Karnataka |
| Madras Medical College and Government General Hospital, Chennai | 10 | Tamil Nadu |
Career & Jobs
After completing the MBBS course, the first question that comes to mind is, ‘What next after MBBS?
After completing the course, students have to work as an intern in the colleges or hospitals. The MBBS internships are compulsory and must be completed to obtain a degree.
After completing the MBBS degree successfully, there are two options for the students: either start their own practice or go for a job in the medical field.
MBBS graduates can be hired by the medical college, hospitals, nursing home, health corporations, health ministry, medical health society, back office medical consultancy and pharmaceutical companies.
Students can also go for the government jobs as a doctor or join a private hospitals, clinics or nursing homes.
In government sector, many PSU’s, central government departments like railways, defence, Cantt boards and state government departments release vacancies for MBBS doctors and other healthcare professionals.
For the better career prospect, students can go for PG degree programmes like M.D (Doctor of Medicine) or M.S (Master of Surgery) or M.Sc (Medical) etc.
Many Medical Graduates go for research and development, contributing to advancement in medical science and innovation in the healthcare industry.
The popular job profiles for MBBS graduates are:
- Junior doctors
- Doctors
- Physician
- Junior Surgeons
- Medical Professor or Lecturer
- Researcher
- Scientist
Some major recruiters for medical professional are:
- Medanta Hospitals
- Fortis Healthcare Ltd
- Cipla Ltd
- Apollo Munich Health Industries Co Ltd
- Indian Defence Forces
- Fortis Healthcare Ltd
- Government Hospitals
- Medical Laboratories
- Biomedical Companies
- Nursing Homes
- Medical Colleges
- Healthcare Centres
- Pharmaceutical and Biotechnology Companies
MBBS Salary
How much salary one can earn after completing a MBBS degree?
MBBS is one of the top medical professions in India and Abroad, offering a handsome salary and excellent career growth opportunities!
After completing the MBBS degree, every student wants to know how much they will earn. The salary of the MBBS degree holder depends on the factors like location, specialization, employer and work experience of the professionals.
The initial salary of a fresh MBBS graduates in government sector is Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 80,000 per month. After getting some work experience, and completing MD/MS specialization, candidates can make 12 to 18 lakh per annum.
In Private sector, MBBS graduates can start their career in the salary range anywhere between ₹40,000 to ₹1,00,000 per month.
Candidates after completing PG degree courses with specialization in the fields like cardiology, neurology, surgery, pediatrics can earn anywhere between INR 1,20000 to INR 2,00000 per month
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